Following the legislative elections of 20 October 2013, Carole Dieschbourg joined the government as Minister for the Environment on 4 December 2013 in the coalition government formed by the Democratic Party (DP), the Luxembourg Socialist Workers’ Party (LSAP) and the Green Party (déi gréng).

In December 2015, under the Luxembourg Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Carole Dieschbourg coordinated the position of the European Union at the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris.

After the legislative elections of 14 October 2018, Carole Dieschbourg was appointed Minister for the Environment, Climate and Sustainable Development on 5 December 2018 in the coalition government formed by the DP, the LSAP and déi gréng.

Within the programme “Leader+ Müllerthal”, Carole Dieschbourg was the project coordinator for “Moulins – inventaire, excursion et sentier régional” (Mills – inventory, excursion and regional trail) and “Millebuch” (Book on mills) from 2005 to 2006.

In 2007, she published the book Die Mühlen des Müllerthals (The mills of the Müllerthal).

Carole Dieschbourg was a board member of Moulin J.P. Dieschbourg, the family mill business established in 1897, until her appointment to the government in December 2013.